Two-factor authentication (2FA) adds an extra layer of security by requiring a second, independent proof of identity beyond a password. This second factor is usually something you have, like a code from an app or a hardware key, rather than something you know, like a password. This means that even if a password is stolen or guessed, an attacker still needs this second piece of information to access an account.
Authenticator apps, which generate rotating codes, are generally more secure than SMS-based codes because SMS can sometimes be intercepted through attacks like SIM-swapping. Many major services, including email, banking, and social media platforms, offer 2FA as an optional security feature, helping users protect their accounts against unauthorized access.